Semester I

Paper: Microbial Diversity, Algae and Fungi

• Understand the diversity of microbes.

• Demonstrate the principles of plant pathology and their applications.

• Develop critical understanding of morphology, structure and life cycle of algae.

• Identify the role of fungi and its significance in the environment, plants and human health.

• Apply the knowledge of fungi in biotechnology.

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Semester II

Paper: Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms and Palaeobotany

• Demonstrate the morphology, anatomy and reproduction of Bryophytes, Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms.

• Understand the ecological and economic importance of Bryophytes, Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms.

• Develop critical understanding of plant evolution and fossil formation.

• Identify the role of fossils in tracing evolution.

• Apply the knowledge in classifying lower plants.

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Semester III

Paper: Taxonomy of Angiosperms and Medicinal Botany

• Understand the concepts of taxonomy and nomenclature.

• Demonstrate knowledge of families and their economic importance.

• Identify medicinal plants and their uses.

• Apply taxonomic knowledge in biodiversity conservation.

• Develop skills in herbarium preparation.

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Semester IV

Paper: Plant Anatomy and Embryology

• Understand the structural organization of plant body.

• Demonstrate the anatomy of different plant parts.

• Develop critical understanding of tissue systems.

• Apply embryological knowledge in plant breeding.

• Identify the importance of anatomy in taxonomy.

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Semester V

Paper V(A): Cell Biology and Plant Biotechnology

• Understand cell structure and functions of organelles.

• Demonstrate the principles of genetics and molecular biology.

• Apply biotechnological tools in crop improvement.

• Develop critical understanding of tissue culture techniques.

• Identify the ethical issues in biotechnology.

Paper V(B): Plant Ecology and Phytogeography

• Understand ecological factors and plant communities.

• Demonstrate knowledge of ecological adaptations.

• Identify ecological interactions.

• Apply ecological principles in conservation of biodiversity.

• Understand phytogeographical regions of India.

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Semester VI

Paper VI(A): Plant Physiology

• Understand plant-water relations.

• Demonstrate the process of photosynthesis and respiration.

• Identify the role of plant hormones.

• Apply knowledge in improving crop productivity.

• Develop skills in physiological experiments.

Paper VI(B): Plant Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering

• Understand the molecular structure of DNA and RNA.

• Demonstrate DNA replication, transcription and translation.

• Identify applications of genetic engineering in agriculture.

• Apply recombinant DNA technology.

• Develop awareness of bio-safety and ethical issues.